写作：大作文（课 0 / 18 / 19）
一、结构模板（课 18）
introduction（2 句）
main paragraph 1（主旨句 + 解释 + 例子）
main paragraph 2
main paragraph 3
conclusion
递进写法（课 19）： 主旨句 → 解释（递进说明机制）→ 例子 → 后果/影响
二、题型分类（课 18）
| 题型 | 问法 | 结构要点 |
|---|---|---|
| Discussion（双方+自己观点） | Some people think A, while others believe B. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. | 段1讲A方观点，段2讲B方观点，段3给立场+理由 |
| Opinion（同意/不同意） | To what extent do you agree or disagree? | 开头亮明立场，每段一个理由+例子 |
| Problem and Solution | What problems…? What solutions…? | 问题段 + 解决段 |
| Two-part | What factors…? How…? | 一问一段 |
三、开头改写（课 18 / 19）
- 原题：
Some people think that it is more effective for students to study in groups, while others believe it is better for them to study alone. - 改写：
People hold different views about the effectiveness of studying alone. I believe that studying alone is more productive while group studying offers great benefits.
改写技巧：
1. 换动词（think → hold different views about / believe）
2. 换名词（it is more effective → the effectiveness of）
3. 合并 + 表态
四、主体段写法：包装名词（课 19）
核心公式：adj + N + 介词短语 / 定语从句 —— 把名词"包装"得具体。
- 包装前：Studying alone benefits students.
- 包装后：Studying alone enables students to find the potential talent they have.
- 包装后：This creates ripples that stimulate people's brains in order to experience their own thinking processes, thereby forming beliefs that combat the loss of independent thinking.
递进连接：
- This is because…
- which leads to…
- resulting in… / thereby doing…
- In group settings, individuals often imitate others' ideas, which leads to a loss of self-thinking ability.
五、高分词块（课 18 / 19 / 40）
讨论"学习方式"（group study vs study alone）：
- 独自学习：self-paced learning 自我节奏 / allocate the time properly free from others' distractions / have their own thinking process / discover the potential talent / make full use of their strengths
- 小组学习：find the gap between themselves and others, which can motivate them / exchange ideas so that they can broaden their thinking / create a positive atmosphere / effective way for those students with poor self-control
心理角度拔高（课 19 / 40）：
From a psychological perspective, what motivates people to + 话题内容 is often a deep-seated desire for + 深层需求.
升华句（课 40）：
The fact that + 事实 resulted in + 结果 being subject to + 外部条件（例：依赖进口 → 发展受制于人）
六、批改常见问题（来自 Flora 作文批改，课 0）
- 堆砌而非递进：每个观点要有"解释→例子→影响"，不是罗列
- 例子空洞：需要具体例子（学语言/学高数/学编程怎么一个人学？）
- 对比缺失：讲完独自学习，应给
unlike in a group, where the learning process might be dictated by members对比 - 语法问题：
- 从句引导词：
what 不能引导定语从句（find the potential talent what they may have→that） - 介词：other's → others；instead of + doing（instead of the former thinking and being trapped in just one question） - 句子之间要标点+连词，不能逗号硬拼 - 词汇要求（考试标准）： - 话题核心词 ≥ 8 个（如 foster critical thinking） - 不常见词汇 ≥ 5 个（如 tackle / grapple） - 词性转换 ≥ 4 处（动-名互换） - 固定搭配 ≥ 5 处（be seen as / by chance / come across / depend on / coverage of） - 从句（定/状/名）、特殊句式（虚拟/倒装/强调）、分词开头
示例修改（group study）：
原：
Studying together creat a positive atmosphere, by the way students will be more willing to study and won't be lazy. It's an effective way for those students with poor self-control.改：Studying together creates a positive atmosphere in which students are more willing to study and less likely to procrastinate. This is an effective solution for those students with poor self-control.