📌 这节课讲了什么
一句话:选择题考的是大意,不是原词。
这节课用两套真题把"选择题怎么听"讲透了 ——
- 剑 16 Test 1(板书标注 16-1-2):Children's Engineering Workshops(填空 Q1–10,复习)+ Stevenson's(选择题 Q11–14,一间老公司的工作体验项目)
- 剑 16 Test 4 Section 2(板书标注 16-4-2):Local council report on traffic and highways(选择题 Q11–14)
板书把两套题的难度也标了出来:16-4-2 适中,16-3-3 偏难。
课上的核心结论是:选择题里,凡是原词照搬的选项,基本是陷阱;正确答案永远藏在改写里。所以听的时候要先抓大意,而不是抓词。
🧱 方法:拿到题,先读什么
板书写了做填空题的两个动作:
- 看大标题 / 小标题,确定词性,猜它的范围。
- (手写补注)定位 —— 先想清楚这个空大概在讲哪一块。
回到 Q1 那道题,板书在旁边标了:
cover是"在哪里"的东西 —— 先确定词性(名词),再猜范围(物体);- 后面跟的是定语从句,提示答案只能是某个具体物件;
so that表目的,round + an要连读着听。
板书的批注是四个字:全对。
📝 这节课练了什么
Part 1 · Children's Engineering Workshops(填空)
| 题目 | 关键 |
|---|---|
| Create a cover for an 1 ___ so they can drop it from a height without breaking it | 物体,定语从句提示 |
| Take part in a competition to build the tallest 2 ___ | 物体 |
| Make a 3 ___ powered by a balloon | 过去分词做后置定语 |
| Build model cars, trucks and 4 ___ and learn how to program them so they can move | 并列 |
| Take part in a competition to build the longest 5 ___ using card and wood | 后置定语定位 |
| Create a short 6 ___ with special software | 名词 |
| Build, 7 ___ and program a humanoid robot | 并列动词 |
| Cost for a five-week block: £50 | — |
| Held on 8 ___ from 10 am to 11 am | 时间 |
| Location: Building 10A, 9 ___ Industrial Estate, Grasford | 地点 |
| Plenty of 10 ___ is available | 名词 |
原文那句"听起来很长"的句子,板书把它抄了下来:
All sorts. For example, they work together to design a special cover that goes round an egg, so that when it's inside they can drop it from a height without breaking it. Well, sometimes it does break but that's part of the fun!
Part 2 · Stevenson's(选择 Q11–14)
四道题都是"听大意"的典型:
| 题 | 问什么 | 答案 |
|---|---|---|
| 11 | Stevenson's was founded in | 1926 |
| 12 | Originally, Stevenson's manufactured goods for | the healthcare industry |
| 13 | What does the speaker say about the company premises? | The company has no plans to move. |
| 14 | The programme for the work experience group includes | talks by staff |
🔁 同义替换核对（Stevenson's）
Q11 —— 三个年份,三个陷阱
Stevenson's is quite an old company. Like me, the founder, Ronald Stevenson, went into the steel industry when he left school – that was in 1923. He set up this company when he finished his apprenticeship, in 1926, although he actually started making plans two years earlier, in 1924. He was a very determined young man!
that指代时间(1923)—— 那是"进钢铁行业"的时间,不是"成立公司"的时间;- 题目问的是 founded,对应录音里的 set up —— 动词 + 时间状语才是答案;
started making plans two years earlier是干扰:计划比成立早两年。
板书把这三个年份的关系写得很清楚:1923 离开学校 / 1924 开始做计划(2 years earlier)/ 1926 成立公司。
Q12 —— 先说的不一定算
Stevenson's long-term plan was to manufacture components for the machine tools industry – although in fact that never came about – and for the automotive industry, that is, cars and lorries. However, there was a delay of five years before that happened, because shortly before the company went into production, Stevenson was given the opportunity to make goods for hospitals and other players in the healthcare industry, so that's what we did for the first five years.
题目问的是 Originally(最初)。所以:
| 选项 | 录音里的下场 |
|---|---|
| machine tools industry | long-term plan,never came about |
| automotive industry | 也是长期计划,delay of five years |
| healthcare industry | so that's what we did for the first five years ← 答案 |
"最初"要找的是"真的做了的",不是"打算做的"。
Q13 —— 不搬,但要装修
Over the years, we've expanded the premises considerably – we were lucky that the site is big enough, so moving to a new location has never been necessary. However, the layout is far from ideal for modern machinery and production methods, so we intend to carry out a major refurbishment of this site over the next five years.
big enough+never been necessary→ 没有搬的必要;the layout is far from ideal→ 但要 major refurbishment(大修);- "has no plans to move" 对应的就是这两句合起来的意思。板书把 layout(布局)和 site(场地)单独拎出来标了词义。
Q14 —— 三个选项,只有一个真
I'd better give you some idea of what you'll be doing during your two weeks with us, so you know what to expect. Most mornings you'll have a presentation from one of the managers, to learn about their department, starting this morning with research and development. And you'll all spend some time in each department, observing what's going on and talking to people – as long as you don't stop them from doing their work altogether! In the past, a teacher from your school has come in at the end of each week to find out how the group were getting on, but your school isn't able to arrange that this year.
| 选项 | 录音里的下场 |
|---|---|
| A time to do research | research and development 是部门名,是干扰词 |
| B meetings with a teacher | "In the past ... but your school isn't able to arrange that this year" |
| C talks by staff | a presentation from one of the managers ← 答案 |
板书把这道题的逻辑画成了一个圈:presentation from managers ↔ talks by staff。
managers = staff,presentation = talk —— 两个词都换了,才叫同义替换。
🔁 同义替换核对（Local council report）
Q11
... generally satisfied with the state of the roads. There were one or two complaints about potholes which will be addressed, but a significant number of people complained about the increasing number of heavy vehicles using our local roads to avoid traffic elsewhere.
| 选项 | 录音里的下场 |
|---|---|
| A cuts to public transport | 没提 |
| B poor maintenance of roads | potholes will be addressed —— 是"会被解决"的 |
| C changes in the type of traffic | the increasing number of heavy vehicles |
板书在旁边写了:traffic survey,大部分满意 / potholes will be addressed / increase vehicle,并注明 main concern 就是"人们的主要考虑"。还说了一句:but it doesn't —— 抱怨不等于"主要顾虑"。
Q12(cycle path)
We'd planned to have a pedestrian crossing next to the post office but that had to be put on hold due to a lack of funding ...
板书标出的关键词:on hold(搁置)、bend 弯路、where we planned。这题的关键是别把"计划过"听成"要做了"。
Q13(pedestrian crossing postponed)
| 选项 | 录音里的下场 |
|---|---|
| A the Post Office has moved | 板书批注"大意":but there were ... that the Post Office was going to move, they are staying where they are |
| B the proposed location is unsafe | 板书注 where we planned |
| C funding is not available at present | 板书注 a lack of funding / on hold |
板书把"搁置"那句直接抄了下来:have had to be put on hold。
Q14(Station Road 的告示牌)
| 选项 | 录音里的下场 |
|---|---|
| A telling cyclists not to leave their bikes | 板书注:not to leave their bikes 是"问题",不是告示内容 |
| B asking motorists to switch off engines when waiting at the level crossing | 板书注 signs up / not to leave engine running,并在 B 下划了线 |
| C warning pedestrians | 没提 |
📐 语法点:独立主格与动名词的复合结构
板书把课上听到的两句写了下来:
We had some problems with cyclists leaving their bikes ...
... threw out garbage without the aunt's knowing.
板书的批注是:
- 独立主格:名词 + 分词(cyclists leaving their bikes);
- 以及动名词的复合结构:
the aunt's knowing里的aunt's是逻辑主语,knowing是动名词。
这一条对听力很有用:听到"名词 + doing"的组合,先想清楚动作是谁做的,不然就会听错主语。
💬 课上精听的句子
Stevenson's is quite an old company. Like me, the founder, Ronald Stevenson, went into the steel industry when he left school – that was in 1923.
He set up this company when he finished his apprenticeship, in 1926, although he actually started making plans two years earlier, in 1924.
Over the years, we've expanded the premises considerably – we were lucky that the site is big enough, so moving to a new location has never been necessary.
However, the layout is far from ideal for modern machinery and production methods, so we intend to carry out a major refurbishment of this site over the next five years.
I'd better give you some idea of what you'll be doing during your two weeks with us, so you know what to expect.
And you'll all spend some time in each department, observing what's going on and talking to people.
OK, now I'll briefly help you to orientate yourselves around the site. As you can see, we're in the reception area, which we try to make attractive and welcoming to visitors.
板书在两处画了圈提醒:
you will spend some time in each department.—— 听清楚"会花时间"和"在哪个部门";a presentation from one of the managers,以及research and development—— 这是部门名,不是"做研究的时间"。
📖 词汇与表达
| 英文 | 中文 | 搭配 / 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| choose the correct letter | 选出正确选项 | 选择题指令 |
| layout | 布局 | the layout is far from ideal |
| site | 场地 | 板书写:site "场地" |
| on-site meeting | 现场会议 | 与 webinar / website 一起记 |
| webinar | 网络研讨会 | |
| founded | 成立 | Stevenson's was founded in 1926 |
| set up | 创办 | He set up this company. |
| apprenticeship | 学徒期 | finish his apprenticeship |
| steel industry | 钢铁行业 | went into the steel industry |
| manufacture | 制造 | manufacture components for ... |
| component | 零件 | components for the machine tools industry |
| machine tools | 机床 | the machine tools industry |
| automotive industry | 汽车工业 | cars and lorries |
| lorry | 卡车 | |
| come about | 发生、实现 | that never came about |
| delay | 延迟 | a delay of five years |
| healthcare industry | 医疗行业 | make goods for hospitals |
| premises | 厂区、场地 | expand the premises |
| refurbishment | 翻新 | a major refurbishment |
| determined | 有决心的 | a very determined young man |
| orientate yourselves | 熟悉环境 | orientate yourselves around the site |
| reception area | 接待区 | we're in the reception area |
| concern | 顾虑、关注点 | main concern |
| survey | 调查 | a survey found ... |
| public transport | 公共交通 | cuts to public transport |
| maintenance | 养护 | poor maintenance of roads |
| pothole | 路面坑洞 | complaints about potholes |
| be addressed | 被解决 | which will be addressed |
| vehicle | 车辆 | the increasing number of heavy vehicles |
| pedestrian | 行人 | a pedestrian crossing |
| overtaking | 超车 | overtaking can be a problem |
| put on hold | 搁置 | had to be put on hold |
| funding | 资金 | a lack of funding |
| bend | 弯路 | 板书注:弯的路 |
| cyclist | 骑行者 | cyclists leaving their bikes |
| level crossing | 平交道口 | waiting at the level crossing |
| engine running | 发动机空转 | not to leave engine running |
| notices have been erected | 竖起了告示牌 | signs up |
| at some stage | 在某个阶段 | |
| all the way through the town | 穿过整个镇子 | |
| state of the road | 路面状况 | 对比 state of mind 心态 |
⚠️ 丢分点 / 提醒
1. 选择题的正确答案一定被改写过。 founded → set up、manager → staff、presentation → talk、the increasing number of heavy vehicles → changes in the type of traffic。听到原词先怀疑,听到改写才安心。
2. 时间题要把年份"对齐"。 1923(离开学校)、1924(开始做计划,2 years earlier)、1926(成立)。板书专门画了这三个点的关系。
3. "计划过"不等于"要做了"。 had to be put on hold、never came about、isn't able to arrange that this year —— 都是"否掉某个选项"的信号。
4. 状态词要分开记。 板书把 state of the road(路面状况)和 state of mind(心态)并排写在一起。
5. 板书上的三条学习提醒(原样抄录):
- 尽量减少中文视频 / 电影 / 歌曲,电影尽量看英文的;
- 口语"说少了",要自言自语,每次超过半小时以上;
- 做题先看大标题 / 小标题,确定词性、猜范围,再定位。
