📌 这节课讲了什么
这节课练听力 Section 3 的选择题,核心动作只有六个字:提起来,放下去。
听一个句子,先把修饰成分(介词短语、定语从句、名词性从句)整体提起来放到一边,抓住主干;放下去,再把修饰放回主干上,意思才完整。板书上用三道题反复演示了这个动作。
同时讲了审题:画一条中轴线,先把主句和从句切开;看到 A of B 要知道谁修饰谁(A 是上义,B 是下义,读作「B 的 A」)。
战略上:先听原文,理解整个故事脉络,再回去按题本身去分析——你需要从中提取什么信息。
🧱 方法一:提起来,放下去
板书在 Q23 上把整套动作写得最清楚。原题:
In connection with slides, the tutor advises Russ to A talk about things that he can find slides to illustrate. B look for slides to illustrate the points he makes. C consider omitting slides altogether.
先看 A。 板书把它拆成两截:
the tutor advises russ to talk
about things ← 主干就到这
things that he can find slides to illustrate ← 提起来,放到一边
主干是 the tutor advises Russ to talk about things。可是 "things" 这个词本身没有信息——你要讲的「things」是什么?全在后面的定语从句里。把定语从句提起来,主干就空了,所以 A 说了等于没说。
再看 B。 板书同样拆:
look for slides ← 主干:先去找 slides
to illustrate the points he makes ← 放下去:找它干嘛用
先找 slides,再用 slides 去说明你要讲的点——动作有先后,逻辑是通的。
板书中间标的就是这四个字:提起来 / 放下去。
🧱 方法二:审题画中轴线
板书上写着:审题的速度:画一个中轴线。
以 Q21 为例:
Russ says that his difficulty in planning the presentation is due to …
在中间拉一条横线,先看清哪句是主句(Russ says),哪句是宾语从句(that … is due to …)。主句只负责「谁说」,真正要听的内容全在线后面。
介词就是提示词。 板书把三个选项按结构列了出来:
| 选项 | 结构 | 板书上的拆法 |
|---|---|---|
| A | lack + of + N | his lack of knowledge about the topic |
| B | doubt + about + how/what | his uncertainty about what he should try to achieve |
| C | short time + that + SV(主谓) | the short time that he has for preparation |
A of B 怎么读? 板书专门画了:A of B —— A 上义,B 下义,译过来是「B 的 A」。例:
Lack of communication skills = 沟通技巧的缺乏
所以 他的 uncertainty about what he should try to achieve,在板书上被换成了:
his doubt about how he could achieve his goals
uncertainty = doubt,about 后面接的是名词性从句——what / how / that 三个词轮着来。听的时候听到 doubt / uncertainty / lack / short time 这类词,就要马上预判后面接什么。
🧱 方法三:选择题的战略
板书用大字标了两行:
- 填空题:
- 选择题:
底下写的战略是:
战略:听原文——理解整个故事脉络;再回去按题本身去分析,你需要从中提取什么信息。
旁边还圈了一句:填空、选择:理解,回去再选。
也就是说:第一遍听的时候不要盯着选项,先把整个故事听成一个完整的事;等脉络有了,再回到题目本身,看这道题到底要你从故事里抠哪一块。
📝 这节课练了什么
三篇 Section 3 的选择题:
| 篇目 | 内容 | 题号 |
|---|---|---|
| Project on using natural dyes to colour fabrics | Jim 做天然染料染布的项目:灵感来源、实验怎么做、用什么染料、遇到什么问题 | 21–24 |
| Labels giving nutritional information on food packaging | 食品包装上的营养标签:Jack 以前的态度、Alice 看标签的习惯、超市披萨的配料表、最喜欢哪个标签体系、薯片里有什么、对标签研究怎么看 | 21–26 |
| Planning a presentation on nanotechnology | Russ 和导师讨论怎么做纳米技术的演讲:难在哪、切入角度、幻灯片怎么用、怎么开场、下一步做什么 | 21–25 |
💬 课上精听、板书上留下的句子
Natural dyes 那篇:
ready-made natural dyes, I found a website which supplied them
chop up a pile of it
but when I rinse … wash away
I thought teaspoon … it wasn't the case
板书记下的关键词还有:museums、10 centuries old、carpets、technical、practical、one different dye、one whole、cotton、rinse it.
Food labels 那篇:
beyond that, I've never really been concerned enough to check how healthy a product is
quite high in calories
low in fact is full of sugar
板书记下的关键词还有:花生、whole / half、full story / proportion / all ingredients、all、a meat、change people behaviour、did not stop、more researches must be done
Nanotechnology 那篇:
板书记下的关键词:overview、order、numerous application、wider、helmet、stronger、one area、easier to focus、slides、tailoring – fit every slide、too long、looking for suitable、I leave them out、fine if you had an 1, 2 hours、ways is used to focus people attention、next、ignore notes、short sentence、improving our lives
💬 课上写的示范句
Q22 考的是 approach(切入点)这个句型,板书把它整个搬到生活里做了一遍:
My approach to tidy up my room is/will be …
approach 后面可以接三种东西:
| 板书给的接法 | 例子 |
|---|---|
| to concentrate + on | to concentrate on what I should do to make it quick |
| to follow | to follow my mom's instructions that help me finish my work quickly |
| to show | to show practicality of sweeping machine |
拼起来就是板书上那句完整示范:
My approach to tidy up my room is to show the practicality of sweeping machine to my mom.
板书还把这句切成块,示范「提起来、放下去」:
My approach | to tidy up my room ← 提起来(修饰 approach)
is | to show the practicality ← 放下去(主干:是什么)
| of sweeping machine ← 提起来(修饰 practicality)
| to my mom ← 放下去(给谁看)
📖 词汇与表达
| 英文 | 中文 | 搭配 / 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| dye | 染料 | natural dyes |
| fabric | 布料 | colour fabrics |
| textile | 纺织品 | textiles displayed in an exhibition |
| exhibition | 展览 | |
| botanic garden | 植物园 | a book about a botanic garden |
| carpet | 地毯 | carpets 10 centuries old |
| practical investigation | 实际操作的研究 | do a practical investigation |
| fibre | 纤维 | a range of dyes with different fibres |
| apply | 涂、施用 | applying different dyes to one type of fibre |
| tartrazine | 酒石黄(一种食用色素) | using tartrazine as a fabric dye |
| allergic reaction | 过敏反应 | It caused a slight allergic reaction. |
| permanent | 永久的 | It was not a permanent dye on cotton. |
| ineffective | 无效的 | It was ineffective when used on nylon. |
| cotton / nylon | 棉 / 尼龙 | |
| rinse | 冲洗 | rinse it / wash away |
| ready-made | 现成的 | ready-made natural dyes |
| supply | 供应 | a website which supplied them |
| teaspoon | 茶匙 | I thought teaspoon |
| chop up | 切碎 | chop up a pile of it |
| pile | 一堆 | a pile of it |
| nutritional information | 营养信息 | Labels giving nutritional information |
| food packaging | 食品包装 | on food packaging |
| attitude | 态度 | What was Jack's attitude to …? |
| complicated | 复杂的 | He thought they were too complicated. |
| contain | 含有 | she was unaware of what certain foods contained |
| calorie | 卡路里 | she only interested in the number of calories / quite high in calories |
| ingredient | 配料 | the list of ingredients is shocking |
| shocking | 令人震惊的 | |
| hesitate | 犹豫 | he will hesitate before buying pizza again |
| misleading | 误导的 | the nutritional label is misleading |
| accessible | 易懂的、好用的 | more accessible |
| logical | 合理的 | more logical |
| comprehensive | 全面的 | more comprehensive |
| proportion | 比例 | full story / proportion |
| percentage | 百分比 | The percentage of additives given was incorrect. |
| additive | 添加剂 | |
| inaccurate | 不准确的 | |
| research | 研究 | research into the impact of food labelling |
| recommendation | 建议 | It made unrealistic recommendations. |
| concerned | 在意的 | I've never really been concerned enough to check how healthy a product is |
| nanotechnology | 纳米技术 | Planning a presentation on nanotechnology |
| difficulty in | 在……方面的困难 | his difficulty in planning the presentation |
| be due to | 归因于 | is due to |
| uncertainty | 不确定 | his uncertainty about what he should try to achieve |
| lack of | 缺乏 | his lack of knowledge about the topic |
| approach | 切入方式 | his approach in the presentation |
| concentrate on | 集中在 | to concentrate on how nanotechnology is used in one field |
| chronological | 按时间顺序的 | to follow the chronological development of nanotechnology |
| range of applications | 应用范围 | to show the range of applications of nanotechnology |
| slide | 幻灯片 | in connection with slides |
| illustrate | 说明、配图说明 | slides to illustrate the points he makes |
| omit | 省掉 | consider omitting slides altogether |
| audience | 听众 | encourage the audience to talk |
| intend to | 打算 | explain what Russ intends to do |
| provide an example | 举一个例子 | |
| summarise | 总结 | summarise the main point he wants to make |
| note | 笔记 | read the notes he has already made / ignore notes |
| overview | 概览 | |
| numerous | 众多的 | numerous application |
| helmet | 头盔 | |
| tailor | 量身定做 | tailoring – fit every slide |
⚠️ 丢分点
- 答案藏在从句里。 主句
Russ says that …本身不给信息,听到 that 之后才开始正题,注意力别停在主句。 - 介词是提示词。 doubt about、lack of、concentrate on、approach to——介词一出来,后面接名词还是接从句,基本就定了。
- A of B 别读反。 A 是上义,B 是下义,读成「B 的 A」:
lack of communication skills是「沟通技巧的缺乏」。 - 选项要看它有没有信息量。 像 Q23 的 A,主干摊开是 talk about things,「things」是个空壳,这种选项通常就是拿来凑的。
- 别被原词骗。 板书在 nanotechnology 那篇的选项旁边留下 ignore notes 这样的原文碎片——听到选项里的词在录音里原样出现,先别急着选,回去对照「题本身要你提取什么信息」。

