第 45 课 · 动词跳跃·火锅酱料·P2 做改变

📌 这节课讲了什么

三块内容,一条主线——动词。

1. 用动词做跳跃:一个句子有几个动词,就有几个跳板。听力和口语都靠这条链走:动词 → 提示词 → 下一个动词。
2. 火锅酱料:把沙茶酱从名字、味道、质地讲到口感对比,现场攒出一段 P2 描述。
3. P2 做改变:用 Describe a change that you made recently 这道题,把「吃香菜」这件小事讲完整;结尾的「未来」段,直接套回那套动词骨架。

🧱 方法:用动词做跳跃

板书用一道听力填空演示。题目是:

Children's Engineering Workshops — Tiny Engineers (ages 4–5) Activities - Create a cover for an 1 egg so they can drop it from a height without breaking it. - Take part in a competition to build the tallest 2 ___. - Make a 3 ___ powered by a balloon.

第 1 空的这一句,板书把它按动词拆开:

design            a cover
     ↑提示词 that
  goes              round an egg
     ↑提示词 so that
  they can drop     it / from a height
     ↑提示词 and
  they don't break  it
  

四个动词:design → goes → drop → break,每个动词前面都挂着一个提示词(that / so that / and)。听的时候不是去追名词,而是一个动词一个动词往下跳,提示词就是落点。

板书上面写着:句子 / 动词1 / 动词2 / 动词3 ——一个句子就是一条动词链。

左下角还有两个小注:

• de-sign(design 拆开记)
• goes:没有方向 + 一个方向 —— go 本身不带方向,加个介词/副词才有方向

🧱 这套骨架能用于口语

板书把上面那条链搬到了口语里。题目是一道 P1:

Do you like watching sci-fi movies?

板书给的两句话:

直接回答:Yes. 感觉:it's like escaping to a different world.

然后把动词骨架套上去,换掉内容:

design  →  a space that goes round my brain
  goes    →  so that I can drop any thought
  drop    →
  break   →  rule
  

接着引到 rule(规则)这个词:

rules are not meant to be broken.

Why? In the world of imagination, I can do whatever I want.

板书在这里标了两件事:

• 主句、宾语从句在后面 —— 听/说的时候,先出主句,真正的内容在后半截;
• 母子集 —— 同一套动词骨架是「母集」,换掉里面的名词、换个场景,就生出一堆「子集」。框架是母集,你的答案是子集。

旁边还有 world of imagination(想象力的世界)和 定语 1. 2. 3. 的笔记,以及一句收尾:

Isn't that amazing?

板书底部还排了一整片 Do you like … 的题卡,就是拿这套骨架去刷的题:

Morning routines / Evening time / Old buildings / Films & cinemas / History / Headphones / Jokes & Comedies / Clothing / Singing / Outer space and stars

🧱 框架:描述「特别场合的食物」

板书上的题卡:

Part 2 — Describe a food that people eat on special occasions/events You should say: - What it is - What the special event/occasion is - How it is cooked/made - And explain why people eat it on that special [occasion]

课上用火锅做题,描述落在沙茶酱上。

第一句先给定位:

The sa cha sauce is a necessity for a hotpot dinner / feast.

味道:

It's savory and umami-rich.

质地 —— 用两个短语往名词上挂:

• linking verb + N:it's … texture
• 介词 + N:with gritty / nutty texture ／ from peanuts and seafood

… with gritty(粗粒感)nutty texture, from peanuts and seafood

再加一层:

… topped with scallions(葱)/ cilantro(香菜), which is polarizing(两极分化)

再补一个味道维度:

citrus(甘甜)/ citrusy flavor

收一句个人评价:

But I find it just right for my hotpot sauce, because it adds fresh contrast to the richness.

最后做对比升级:

If you throw in some chili seeds / cumin, [it] transform[s] your plate, turning it from ___ to ___.

对比用的三个词板书上写好了:

🧱 框架:P2「Describe a change that you made recently」

题卡:

Describe a change that you made recently You should say: - What the change was - What caused the change - What you did for the change - And explain how you feel about the change

课上的例子是吃香菜。板书搭的骨架:

注意最后一行:「未来」这一段,直接套回那套动词骨架。前面练的 design → goes → drop → break,到这儿就是现成的结尾模板。

板书最上面还写了 录视频 —— 这段是要开口录出来的。

📝 课上还练了一篇听力:Labyrinths

笔记填空题(每条不超过三个词),板书上的结构:

Definition - a winding spiral path leading to a central area

Labyrinths compared with mazes - Mazes are a type of 31 puzzle. - 32 logic is needed to navigate through a maze. - the word 'maze' is derived from a word meaning a feeling of 33 confusion. - Labyrinths represent a journey through life. - they have frequently been used in 34 ___ and prayer.

Early examples of the labyrinth spiral - Ancient carvings on 35 ___ have been found across many cultures. - The Pima, a Native American tribe, wove the symbol on baskets. - Ancient Greeks used the symbol on 36 ___.

Walking labyrinths - The largest surviving example of a turf labyrinth once had a big 37 ___ at its centre.

Labyrinths nowadays - Believed to have a beneficial impact on mental and physical health, e.g. walking a maze can reduce a person's 38 ___ rate. - Used in medical and health and fitness settings and also prisons. - Popular with patients, visitors and staff in hospitals. - patients who can't walk can use 'finger labyrinths' made from 39 . - research has shown that Alzheimer's sufferers experience less 40 .

板书在词源那句上做了改写练习:

原句是 the word 'maze' is derived from a word meaning a feeling of confusion,板书写成了两种更简单的说法:

• 分词短语:Maze comes from a word meaning a feeling of confusion.
• 介词短语:come from a word for a state of confusion.

板书的批注还有:maze / puzzle 圈在一起(更特殊),labyrinth = 一个人的 monologue(独白),以及 Scandinavian 这个词。

💬 直接可以说出口的句子

Yes, it's like escaping to a different world.

Rules are not meant to be broken.

In the world of imagination, I can do whatever I want.

Isn't that amazing?

The sa cha sauce is a necessity for a hotpot dinner.

It's savory and umami-rich.

But I find it just right for my hotpot sauce, because it adds fresh contrast to the richness.

Maze comes from a word meaning a feeling of confusion.

📖 词汇与表达

⚠️ 提醒

• 动词是跳板,不是名词。 听到 design,就等 that;听到 so that,就等下一个动词。句子一长,靠动词链撑着,不要停在没听懂的名词上。
• 提示词先听出来,后面就不用猜。that / so that / and 一出现,后面接什么结构基本就定了。
• 框架是母集,答案是子集。同一套动词骨架,换内容就能用在 P1、P2 的结尾段——课上就是把 design / goes / drop / break 直接搬到「未来」那一段的。
• P2 的细节要能落在一个具体东西上。这节课讲「特别场合的食物」,落点不是「火锅」两个字,而是那碗沙茶酱:名字、味道、质地、和什么一起、入口的对比、最后一句评价。