📌 这节课讲了什么
阅读课,板书标题是"阅读是思想库"——课上不只是做题,还把游戏里的英文道具说明直接拿来当阅读材料。
三条线:
- 读之前先看什么:词性 / 同义词 / 上下文;读标题、斜体字、首段前两句;分清正序题(填空、判断、选择)和乱序题(匹配);
- True / False / Not given 的判定逻辑:一致是 T,相反、反义词、否定是 F,原文根本没提是 NG;
- 实战三篇:儿童玩耍(The importance of children's play,判断 + 摘要填空)、Alexander Henderson 传记(判断 + 摘要填空)、摩天楼设计(Back to the future of skyscraper design / Could urban engineers learn from dance?,匹配)。
🧱 方法:读文章之前先看这些
板书最上面三列,是"遇到生词走哪条路"的三个方向:
| 思路 | 板书示例 |
|---|---|
| 词性 | economy — economically / ecnomic(→ economic) |
| 同义词 | important — significant / crucial / vital |
| 上下文 | food — dumplings / chicken / vetgetables(→ vegetables) |
读的时候先抓三样东西:
- 读标题
- 斜体字
- 首段前两句
题型分两类来对待:
| 顺序 | 题型 |
|---|---|
| 正序 | 填空 / 判断 / 选择 |
| 乱序 | 匹配 |
🧱 方法:True / False / Not given
| 判定 | 标准 |
|---|---|
| True | 题目和原文意思一致 |
| False | 相反、反义词、否定 |
| Not given | 原文根本没提 |
📝 这节课练了什么
1. The importance of children's play(Questions 9–13,判断)
9 Children with good self-control are known to be likely to do well at school later on. 10 The way a child plays may provide information about possible medical problems. 11 Playing with dolls was found to benefit girls' writing more than boys' writing. 12 Children had problems thinking up ideas when they first created the story with Lego. 13 People nowadays regard children's play as less significant than they did in the past.
板书上的答案:9 T、10 T、11 NG。12、13 两题板上没有写答案,只写了分析(见下面的"提醒 / 易错")。
2. 同一篇文章的摘要填空(1–6)
| 空 | 答案 |
|---|---|
| 1 | creativity |
| 2 | rules |
| 3 | cities |
| 4 | traffic |
| 5 | crime |
| 6 | competition |
题目原文:
Children's play
Uses of children's play - building a 'magical kingdom' may help develop 1 ___ - board games involve 2 ___ and turn-taking
Recent changes affecting children's play - populations of 3 ___ have grown - opportunities for free play are limited due to - fear of 4 ___ - fear of 5 ___ - increased 6 ___ in schools
3. Alexander Henderson (1831–1913)(Questions 1–8,判断)
1 Henderson rarely visited the area around Press estate when he was younger. 2 Henderson pursued a business career because it was what his family wanted. 3 Henderson and Notman were surprised by the results of their 1865 experiment. 4 There were many similarities between Henderson's early landscapes and those of Notman. 5 The studio that Henderson opened in 1866 was close to his home. 6 Henderson gave up portraiture so that he could focus on taking photographs of scenery. 7 When Henderson began work for the Intercolonial Railway, the Montreal to Halifax line had been finished. 8 Henderson's last work as a photographer was with the Canadian Pacific Railway.
板子把 1–8 整块圈了起来,逐条划了关键词(第 3 题圈了 surprised 和 1865),没有写答案。
4. Alexander Henderson 摘要填空(9–13)
Early life - was born in Scotland in 1831 – father was a 9 ___ - trained as an accountant, emigrated to Canada in 1855
Start of a photographic career - opened up a photographic studio in 1866 - took photos of city life, but preferred landscape photography - people bought Henderson's photos because photography took up considerable time and the 10 ___ was heavy - the photographs Henderson sold were 11 ___ or souvenirs
Travelling as a professional photographer - travelled widely in Quebec and Ontario in 1870s and 1880s - took many trips along eastern rivers in a 12 ___ - worked for Canadian railways between 1875 and 1897 - worked for CPR in 1885 and photographed the 13 ___ and the railway at Rogers Pass
9–13 的空板上没有填;摘要右边写了两个大字:Notman、Railway。文章里有几处标了位置,例如 1857 那一段旁边写着"13:开始做"。
5. Back to the future of skyscraper design / Could urban engineers learn from dance?
匹配题里被圈出来的一题:
4 reference to an unforeseen problem arising from ignoring the climate
板子在"摩天楼"那篇旁边做了记号:依赖 / 建筑 / 1. 封闭 2. 需要空调。
💬 值得记住的句子
儿童玩耍那篇
Brick by brick, six-year-old Alice is building a magical kingdom.
Play in all its rich variety is one of the highest achievements of the human species.
'Somehow the importance of play has been lost in recent decades. It's regarded as something trivial, or even as something negative that contrasts with "work".'
the ability to self-regulate has been shown to be a key predictor of academic performance.
observing children at play can give us important clues about their well-being and can even be useful in the diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders like autism.
Children wrote longer and better-structured stories when they first played with dolls representing characters in the story.
'Many teachers commented that they had always previously had children saying they didn't know what to write about. With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this through the whole year of the project.'
生词表也一起给了:
* Lego: coloured plastic building blocks and other pieces that can be joined together
Henderson 那篇
Born in Scotland, Henderson emigrated to Canada in 1855 and became a well-known landscape photographer
Although he never liked the prospect of a business career, he stayed with it to please his family.
Henderson learned photography in Montreal around the year 1857 and quickly took it up as a serious amateur.
In spite of their friendship, their styles of photography were quite different. While Notman's landscapes were noted for their bold realism, Henderson for the first 20 years of his career produced romantic images, showing the strong influence of the British landscape tradition.
When Henderson died in 1913, his huge collection of glass negatives was stored in the basement of his house. Today collections of his work are held at the National Archives of Canada, Ottawa, and the McCord Museum of Canadian History, Montreal.
摩天楼那篇
Answers to the problem of excessive electricity use by skyscrapers and large public buildings can be found in ingenious but forgotten architectural designs of the 19th and early-20th centuries
'Policy makers think you can solve energy and building problems with gadgets. You can't.'
Instead, he shows it is entirely possible to accommodate natural ventilation and cooling in large buildings by looking into the past, before the widespread introduction of air conditioning systems, which were 'relentlessly and aggressively marketed' by their inventors.
游戏道具说明(阅读材料)
Four-toed foot of a fowl, pickled in a golden medicinal solution. Craftable item. Boosts the amount of runes obtained from defeating enemies for a certain duration. Since old times, the needy would scrape the meat clean even from a fowl's claw.
Warhawk Ashes Ashen remains in which spirits yet dwell. Use to summon the spirit of a warhawk. Spirit of a Stormwell warhawk, the talons of which have been sliced off so that razor-fine swords could be grafted in their place. With its lord vanquished, and its wings wounded, the hawk perished as it solemnly gazed at its former home. The storm is a warhawk's cradle.
板书在这些图旁边写了几个词:素养 / 学习 / 生活 / 嘴巴说 / 学完 / 学一半。
📖 词汇与表达
| 英文 | 中文 | 搭配 / 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| self-control / self-regulate | 自控 / 自我调节 | a key predictor of academic performance |
| trivial | 微不足道的 | regarded as something trivial |
| neurodevelopmental disorders | 神经发育障碍 | like autism |
| diagnosis | 诊断 | useful in the diagnosis of |
| well-being | 身心状态 | clues about their well-being |
| toddler | 幼儿 | toddlers and young pre-schoolers |
| merchant | 商人 | the son of a successful merchant |
| landholdings | 地产 | the family had extensive landholdings |
| mansion | 大宅 | the large mansion on the northern edge |
| apprenticeship | 学徒期 | a three-year apprenticeship to become an accountant |
| emigrate | 移居 | emigrated to Canada |
| amateur | 业余爱好者 | took it up as a serious amateur |
| landscape photographer | 风景摄影师 | a well-known landscape photographer |
| bold realism | 大胆的写实 | Notman's landscapes were noted for their bold realism |
| romantic images | 浪漫主义的画面 | produced romantic images |
| circulation | 发行量 | limited circulation (only seven copies have ever been found) |
| glass negatives | 玻璃底片 | stored in the basement of his house |
| ventilation | 通风 | natural ventilation |
| air conditioning | 空调 | air-conditioned skyscrapers |
| sealed | 封闭的 | they have to be sealed |
| carbon emissions | 碳排放 | generating substantial carbon emissions |
| squander | 浪费 | squander more and more energy |
| fowl | 家禽 | four-toed foot of a fowl |
| pickled | 腌制的 | pickled in a golden medicinal solution |
| claw | 爪子 | scrape the meat clean even from a fowl's claw |
| runes | 符文 | Boosts the amount of runes |
| craftable item | 可制作道具 | |
| talon | 利爪 | the talons of which have been sliced off |
| vanquished | 被击败的 | With its lord vanquished |
⚠️ 提醒 / 易错
- 第 12 题的三步定位。 板子在 12 题下面写了五个追问:问题在哪 / 谁的问题 / 什么时候的问题 / 什么情况下的问题 / 什么导致的问题。题目说"第一次用乐高创作时孩子想不出点子",原文的时间线却是 "had always previously had children saying they didn't know what to write about"(以前才这样),"With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this"。however 一出现,方向就反了——板书专门标了"时间线"三个字提醒。
- 第 13 题圈的是 people。 板子在 13 题旁边写了"原文:people 咋说的???"和"与过去相比":题干拿"现在的人"跟"过去"比,回原文就要去找 people 和时间对比。
- 第 11 题为什么是 NG:原文只说"孩子玩娃娃之后写的作文更长、结构更好",没有拿男孩和女孩作比较;题干多出来的这层比较,原文没提,所以选 NG。
- 摘要填空先定词性再填。 比如 populations of 3 ___ 后面跟的是复数谓语 have grown,答案就是复数名词 cities;increased 6 ___ in schools,increased 是形容词,后面接名词 competition。
- 匹配题是乱序的,所以先把题干里的名词性短语圈出来(比如第 4 题的 unforeseen problem arising from ignoring the climate),再回文章找同义改写。
说明:儿童玩耍 12、13 两题,Henderson 判断 1–8,以及 Henderson 摘要 9–13,板书上都只标了关键词和定位记号,没有写答案,本文照此如实保留。
