📌 这节课讲了什么
这节课进「无形物体」大类 —— 板书列了 Art / Music / History / Social media / Sports programs / Films, cinemas / Jokes & Comedies / Websites / Science 九个方向,课上重点过了 Art 和 Music 两个。
开头先补了一组「中英口头禅 2」:七个把话接下去的连接词(when it comes to / speaking of / as for / although / having said that / to be honest)。
然后是一条语法主线:名词性从句。板书反复在问同一件事 —— 一个句子的后半截想说"一件事"而不是一个名词时,用什么词引导(it's like escaping to a different world …)。
最后一页(切片 4)把整节课收成一个公式:定 + 状 + 感。
🧱 框架:一个 P1 回答的零件表
板书从第 85 课起就用同一张表标注每个句子的功能,这一课已经全部用上:
| 代号 | 英文 | 作用 |
|---|---|---|
| 语 | to be honest | 语气词,先把话头接住 |
| 喜 | I am really into X | 直接表态 |
| 名 | What I think about music is that ... | 名词性从句开头 |
| 状 | when it comes to ... | 划出话题范围 |
| 感 | it's like ... | 感觉描述,把抽象的东西讲成画面 |
| 定 | that makes me ... | 定语从句,补一个结果 |
三种句子开头(板书单列):人称开头 / 形式主语开头(it's) / 动名词开头(listening to)。
🧱 中英口头禅 2:七个连接词
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 当我们提到…时 | when it comes to |
| 说到 | speaking of ... / talking about ... |
| 关于这件事儿 | as for / regarding |
| 虽然但是 | although / even though |
| 话虽如此 | having said that / that said |
| 说实话 | to be honest / honestly |
🧱 Art:抽象题怎么开口
Do you like art?
板书的第一句回答不是喜欢,而是先承认难说:
abstract —— so we can't use a single word, so abstract that it's impossible to describe with language.
也就是说:art 这个词本身太抽象,没法用一个词概括。
art 是什么(板书给的三个定位)
- 桥梁 / platform(连接)
- mental(精神层面的)
- it's the vibe that makes me want to ...(是那个氛围让人想去…)
板书在 vibe 旁边注了一条发音提醒:牙齿碰到下嘴唇。
Do you like visiting art galleries?
板书标了一个「喜欢」,并且提示回答要走「1 秒 / 2 秒原则」。
When it comes to art galleries, I have to say ...
"喜欢"的高级说法
| 中文 | 英文 |
|---|---|
| 我是一个艺术迷 | I am an art buff |
| 我很喜欢 | I am really into |
并不是一直去
it doesn't mean that I visit them all the time.
喜欢的理由 —— 氛围
speaking of the peaceful atmosphere inside, ___, which is a world different...from busy stock trading center.
which is bound to be noisy and teemed with people, and I don't like it.
让步
Although —— I am soon to be a finance graduate.(快将是)
转折
Having said that, I don't go to galleries very often, maybe once every few years.
那真正喜欢的是什么 —— 户外
outdoor activities hiking or like ...
having barbeques on a beach with my family, you know sunbathing(太阳浴)and things like that.
板书在这两句旁边分别标了「激发起来」「尝试'想'」,提醒这两句是把画面往外扩,不要停。
板书在这一段埋了一个"接话盒"(切片 2 顶部):
cause some trouble. like .. I just wanna be alone, shut the door, put on my earbuds, it makes me corner myself
🧱 Music:从"感觉"进,从"名词性从句"出
Do you prefer happy or sad music?
板书标「共鸣 / 3 句」,给了三步:
- 难说,看情况 —— it depends
- 伤心的歌可共鸣 —— when it comes in sad song, It's like there is person who stands with me,
- 所以伤心的歌是一个宣泄口 —— so it's a catharsis.
艺术形式怎么选(板书中间的一段)
您喜欢音乐还是画画.
I prefer music.
because it's always good to listen to sad songs when I am sad.
that's why I like music more than painting.
"并不是…而是"用在音乐上
it's not the melody that makes me like music, it's the sound of instruments that makes me like it
**感觉描述(es)
it's like escaping to a different world when I immerse myself in ...
that makes me feel calm
把"名"和"感"接起来
名 + 感:What I think about music is that it's like escaping to a world
状语:when I immerse myself in ... —— a world that is not as abstract as painting.
名词性从句里可以放什么
板书给了一串可以填进 escaping to a world that ... 里的动词:
jumping / sneaking / gliding / flying / transporting / stepping
以及一串可以当"世界"的名词:
| 英文 | 中文 |
|---|---|
| platform | 平台 |
| bridge | 桥 |
| spiritual world | 精神世界 |
| portal | 入口 |
| places | 地方 |
| time space | 时空 |
| confined space | 密闭空间 |
| private zone | 私人领域 |
| universe | 宇宙 |
| outerspace | 外太空 |
| ocean | 海洋 |
| time machine | 时间机器 |
"名 + 感 + 定 + 名"四件套
because learning how I express myself is like having a tool that allows me to say what I wanna say
这一句同时用上了名词性从句(how I express myself / what I wanna say)和定语从句(that allows me to ...)。
using different instruments(方式)。
📐 语法点:名词性从句
板书把名词性从句单独拎出来讲,先给了一个「容器」的比喻:
| 容器 | 装的东西 |
|---|---|
| how | 水 |
| what | 可乐 |
| why | 芬达 |
意思是:how / what / why 都是句子名词化的引导词,它们只是容器,里面装什么由后面的句子决定。
同一个事实,三种问法三种容器
在桌上. —— N is on the table.
原因 —— why the book is on the table. I know it is on the table.
板书在这里写了一个大字:为什么?
四种问句 × 各自的回答形状
| 问题类型 | 回答的落点 |
|---|---|
| Do you like | yes or no —— yes / no / I don't know / I haven't thought about that / depends |
| What do you like | things |
| Why do you like | because |
| prefer a or b | a / b(是否)—— I don't know / I haven't thought about that / depends |
表语位置的名词性从句
What I think about music is 表语
板书标注:名词 → 讲句子;that 讲句子。
it's like escaping to a different world
主语位置的名词性从句
Listening to music is what I do in the morning, it's like escaping to a different world
Listening to music is why I feel happy, because it's like escaping to a different world
板书把 what / I do 拆了出来 —— what 当主语从句的引导词,I do 是后面的内容。
切片 3 里还画了一列 1—7 的编号和箭头,是把一整套回答的句子顺序排了出来。
💬 直接可以说出口的句子
I am an art buff.
it's not the melody that makes me like music, it's the sound of instruments that makes me like it
it's like escaping to a different world
What I think about music is that it's like escaping to a world.
Listening to music is why I feel happy, because it's like escaping to a different world.
because learning how I express myself is like having a tool that allows me to say what I wanna say
having barbeques on a beach with my family, you know sunbathing, and things like that.
Having said that, I don't go to galleries very often, maybe once every few years.
三种问法的对应(切片 3 底部)
Do you like / why do you like / which one do you prefer —— music / art
📝 板书上的中文批注
- 「1 秒 / 2 秒原则」—— 贴在 Do you like art? 旁边
- 「喜欢的表达 = 我是一个艺术迷 = I am an art buff.」
- 「并不意味着一只去」(→ it doesn't mean that I visit them all the time)
- 「激发起来 尝试'想'」—— 贴在 outdoor activities 那一支
- 「1. 发音:想象画面 2. 回答:上下 ↓ 记得连接"3 句"」
- 「对话的」「作者已经不在了的情况下」—— 写字迹旁边,提示这两句是写"和作品对话"的
- 页面最下方的大字:
我喜欢"艺术" 不仅多彩 而且 他是一个媒介
如果是画 但是 ... 很容易陷入"虚无主义""沉迷" 以至于 心理会有点问题.
所以 控制一下欣赏的艺术.
📖 词汇与表达
| 英文 | 中文 | 搭配 / 用法 |
|---|---|---|
| abstract | 抽象的 | so abstract that it's impossible to describe |
| vibe | 氛围、气场 | it's the vibe that makes me want to |
| art buff | 艺术迷 | I am an art buff |
| art gallery | 画廊 | visit art galleries |
| atmosphere | 气氛 | the peaceful atmosphere inside |
| stock trading center | 股票交易中心 | 嘈杂的对比物 |
| bound to | 必然会 | which is bound to be noisy |
| teemed with | 挤满 | teemed with people |
| soon to be | 即将成为 | I am soon to be a finance graduate |
| finance | 金融 | finance graduate |
| outdoor activities | 户外活动 | hiking |
| barbeque | 烧烤 | having barbeques on a beach |
| sunbathing | 太阳浴 | |
| catharsis | 宣泄 | it's a catharsis |
| melody | 旋律 | it's not the melody that ... |
| instrument | 乐器 | the sound of instruments |
| escape | 逃离 | escaping to a different world |
| immerse myself in | 沉浸于 | when I immerse myself in ... |
| portal | 入口 | |
| confined space | 密闭空间 | |
| private zone | 私人领域 | |
| outerspace | 外太空 | |
| universe | 宇宙 | |
| spiritual world | 精神世界 | |
| time machine | 时间机器 | |
| express myself | 表达自己 | learning how I express myself |
| 虚无主义 / 沉迷 | 板书用来提醒"欣赏要有度" |
🔊 发音要点
板书单列了一组要咬准的词:
buff / em / time / world / bound / galleries
以及一条口型提醒:
- vibe —— 发 v 的时候牙齿碰到下嘴唇
⚠️ 提醒 / 易错
- 一张嘴就表态是最容易丢分的地方。 板书把「1 秒 / 2 秒原则」贴在 Do you like art? 旁边,提示这种抽象题要先停一拍再答,不要抢。
- 抽象名词先承认它抽象。 板书的思路是:art 没法用一个词概括 → 那就直说 so abstract that it's impossible to describe with language,把难点变成内容。
- 回答要"上下连接 3 句"。 板书原话:「回答:上下 ↓ 记得连接"3 句"」—— 别一句一停。
- 名词性从句别丢引导词。 what / why / how 是"容器",后面的句子才是内容;换成 that 的时候,后面必须是一个完整句子。
- 1—7 的顺序不要跳。 切片 3 那列编号就是把一个完整回答的句子顺序固定下来,练的时候按顺序走。
